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Lesser Poland (also "Little Poland", Polish: Małopolska, Latin: Polonia Minor) is one of the historical regions of Poland. It forms the southernmost part of the country. It should not be confused with Lesser Poland Voivodship, which is a part of a historical region of Lesser Poland

Lesser Poland lies in the upper confluence of the Vistula river and covers a large upland, including the Holy Cross Mountains, Lesser Polish Upland, Sandomierz Valley, and Lublin Upland. It stretches from the Carpathians in the south to Pilica and Wieprz rivers to the north. It borders Mazovia and Land of Radom to the north, Silesia to the west and the border with Ukraine (Red Ruthenia) to the east. Historically, until World War II the region also included large parts of modern Ukraine (see Galicia).

Lesser Poland Province (prowincja małopolska) which consisted of Lesser Poland proper, Podlachia, Red Ruthenia, Volhynia, Podolia, Ukraine, and the Czernihów Voivodeship; capital: Kraków

Administratively, the historical area is divided into the voivodeships of Lesser Poland, Subcarpathia, Świętokrzyskie, Lublin, the eastern parts of the neighbouring Upper Silesia, and southern parts of Masovia and Lodz.

The most notable cities of the region include:

as well as:

For more information on history, see History of Poland.

The historical capital of Lesser Poland - Krakow is regarded by many to be the cultural capital of Poland. In 1978, UNESCO placed Kraków on the list of World Heritage Sites. The wooden architecture (most notably, churches) of Lesser Poland are also on that list as well as the Wieliczka Salt Mine located on the outskirsts of Krakow. The following National Parks are located in Lesser Poland: